A formal letter or email starts with Geachte (dear) + heer or mevrouw + the surname. After Geachte you write heer, not meneer.
Dutch · English
Beste is semi-formal: fine for a colleague, a teacher or a company you're already emailing with. For a first letter to a company or the gemeente, and certainly for a complaint, Geachte is the safe choice.
After the salutation comes a comma. The first sentence starts on a new line, with a capital letter:
Geachte heer, mevrouw,
Hierbij zeg ik mijn abonnement op.
Get to the point in your first sentence. These four openers are the standard ones:
Dutch · English
All four put something in position 1, so the conjugated verbum comes next and then the subject (inversie): Hierbij zeg ik, never Hierbij ik zeg.
Use u and uw from the first line to the last, with a small u: u bent, u kunt, u heeft (u hebt is also correct).
Leave out chat words like hoi, oké, ff (= even) and groetjes, short forms like m'n, and emoji.
Formal Dutch also has its own verbs. The everyday verb isn't wrong, but the formal one fits a letter better:
Everyday → formal · English
With verzoeken, the action goes at the end as te + infinitive: Wij verzoeken u het formulier te ondertekenen.
Formal Dutch also likes nouns made from verbs: Graag ontvang ik een bevestiging van de opzegging (opzeggen → de opzegging). That's nominalisation; the Tip on nominal style explains it.
For abbreviations like i.v.m., z.s.m. and t.a.v., see the Tip on abbreviations.
End with one sentence that asks for a reply:
Dutch · English
Then the greeting and your full name, each on its own line:
Met vriendelijke groet,
Daniel Okafor
Met vriendelijke groet (kind regards) is always right; Met vriendelijke groeten is also correct. In the Netherlands a comma follows it, just like after the salutation. In Belgium you'll sometimes see both without a comma, which is fine as long as the top and the bottom match.
Hoogachtend (yours faithfully) is old-fashioned and very stiff. You'll still see it in official letters, but you don't need it.
Daniel's washing machine never arrived. Every part from sections 1 to 4 is in his email.
Onderwerp: Klacht over bestelling 30417
Geachte heer, mevrouw,
Hierbij dien ik een klacht in over mijn bestelling van 2 september (bestelnummer 30417).
Volgens uw website zou de wasmachine binnen vijf werkdagen worden geleverd. Ik heb deze echter nog steeds niet ontvangen.
Ik verzoek u de wasmachine uiterlijk 3 oktober te leveren. Mocht dat niet lukken, dan ontvang ik graag het aankoopbedrag van € 549 terug. In de bijlage vindt u een kopie van de factuur.
Ik zie uw reactie graag tegemoet.
Met vriendelijke groet,
Daniel Okafor
In English
Subject: Complaint about order 30417. Dear Sir or Madam, I hereby file a complaint about my order of 2 September (order number 30417). According to your website, the washing machine would be delivered within five working days. However, I still haven't received it. I request that you deliver the washing machine by 3 October at the latest. If that isn't possible, I would like a refund of the purchase price of €549. Please find attached a copy of the invoice. I look forward to your reply. Kind regards, Daniel Okafor
Wrong · Right · Why
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